Archive – week 6 – 20 – 21
Week of 10/12 – 10/16
The 4 day – A, B, C, D cycle looks like this:
Day Period
2 3 4
In class: A Lab Lab Single Class
Remote: Lab Lab Single Class
In class: B Single Class LAB LAB
Remote: Single Class LAB LAB
In class: C Single Class LAB LAB
Remote: Single Class LAB LAB
Tuesday In class: D Lab Lab Single Class
Remote: Lab Lab Single Class
This weeks 4 day Schedule:
10/12 – Monday – Off – Columbus Day – Indigenous People day
10/13 – Tuesday – “D” Day – period 2,3 (Lab) – I 2(B,D) 3(D) AP CHEMISTRY
– period 2,3 (Lab) – R 2(B,D) 3(D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 4 – I 3(B) 4(B,D) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 4 – R 3(B) 4(B,D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
10/14 – Wednesday “A” Day – period 2,3 (Lab) – I 2(A,C) 3(A) AP CHEMISTRY
–period 2,3 (Lab) – R 2(A,C) 3(A) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 4 – I 3(C) 4(A,C) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 4 – R 3(C) 4(A,C) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
10/15 – Thursday – “B” Day –period 2, – I 2(B,D) 3(D) AP CHEMISTRY
– period 2, – R 2(B,D) 3(D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 3,4 (LAB) – I 3(B) 4(B,D) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 3,4 (LAB) – R 3(B) 4(B,D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
10/16 – Friday – “C” Day – period 2, – I 2(A,C) 3(A) AP CHEMISTRY
–period 2, – R 2(A,C) 3(A) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 3,4 (LAB) – I. 3(C) 4(A,C) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 3,4 (LAB) – R 3(C) 4(A,C) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
10/13 – Tuesday – “D” Day – period 2,3 (Lab) – I 2(B,D) 3(D) AP CHEMISTRY
– period 2,3 (Lab) – R 2(B,D) 3(D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 4 – I 3(B) 4(B,D) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 4 – R 3(B) 4(B,D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
The Blue and Orange are on remote today. Please move to the Remote Instruction page.
period 2, period 4
1. Test questions/ quick review
2. Mole concept – continue –
Slides 1 – 16 – Democritus to Joseph Proust – use percent by mass to determine the
Law of definite proportions.
Law of Definite Proportions = the same compound will always have the same percentage
of different elements in it.
This really meant that the same compounds have the same chemical formulas!!
And the different compounds have different chemical formulas MEANING different ratios of atoms
CREATE. the different compounds!!!
So the Law of Definite Proportions was a HUGE leap forward in Particle Theory!
Lab 5 is a percent by mass lab that Proust may have done!
Mole THeory Presentation:
period 3 Lab – Zoom Stream Continues to period 3
Lab 5 explanations and data gathering (15 minutes) for the RED Team.
I will post your data in the Remote Page tomorrow to complete the lab!
Lab 5 – % by mass of water in a hydrate.
|
This image was build by X-ray imaging of salt. |
Now it is more complex than the crystal above for NaCl because we have a polyatomic ion in the crystal.
The Yellow is the Sulfur attached to 4 oxygens (red). The brown color (i think its brown) is the copper. Notice regular repeating pattern. Its hard but if look inside the crystal there is one Cu per sulfate ion. |
Lets look at the hydrate of the same salt : copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate :
 |
Notice the Dot between anhydrate and water. This dot means “WITH” and not to multiple. Thus there are exactly 5 water molecules for every 1 Cu+2 and 1 SO4-2 in the crystal. |
|
You will notice that water (it has 2 white hydrogen atoms) molecules are situated inside the crystals at particular regions in the crystal in exact ratios. Stiochiometric ratios
It is hard but you can see the 5 water molecules per 1 copper ion and 1 sulfate ion. What makes it hard is that the crystal repeats in all directions. The water can be removed from the salt by heating it. |
Period 2, 4 lecture – Particle Theory to Lab 5 basics
This is the lecture that you saw in your Zoom Stream today (minus the test review)
10/13 – Tuesday – Homework: 3 things!
1. Review your graded test (that I sent out to you today ) with my Test 1 review video.
We will have a Make-up given in class Thursday and Friday.
BLANK TEST:
2. Watch lecture 0 below. (We are using percent by mass to get chemical formulas!!!)
when we use the mole concept
3. Please answer question 2 on the first side of the worksheet and review with key that is posted below.
Lecture 0 : Determining Chemical Formulas from empirical data (Mole concept)
End of Tuesday..
10/14 – Wednesday “A” Day – period 2,3 (Lab) – I 2(A,C) 3(A) AP CHEMISTRY
–period 2,3 (Lab) – R 2(A,C) 3(A) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 4 – I 3(C) 4(A,C) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 4 – R 3(C) 4(A,C) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
The Red Team and the Green Team are Remote Today. Please move to the Remote Instruction Page.
Period 2, Period 4 (same lesson for both periods)
1. Mole concept continues –
Proust –> John Dalton –> Charles –> Avogadro
2. Lab 5 – first heating – I will post your data for your lab completion for homework.
Period 3 (Lab):
Lab 5 continues – final heatings –
Lab 5 – % by mass of water in a hydrate.
10/14 – Wednesday “A” Day Homework:
1. Please make sure you have reviewed your Test 1 with the posted key in powerschool and /or
with the review video posted Tuesday above.
The makeup will be given in class tomorrow for EVERyONE!
The Red and Green teams will take it in class.
The Blue and Orange teams will take it Thursday remotely!
I will count the makeup grade as the best out of your 2 test grades. The 2 people who earned a
perfect score do not have to take the make-up.
2. Please watch lecture 0a ( I model question 3) and complete question 4 on
Analytical Chemistry I – determining chemical formulas.pdf worksheet
This the other side of the worksheet that we worked on last night.
Tonight we will use analytical chemistry (discovering formulas using particle and mole theory)
in Combustion Analysis.
Combustion (burning):
A redox reaction (imagine that) that uses O2 as the oxidizing agent on a fuel (normally a hydrocarbon)
C?H? + O2 —–> CO2 + H2O
Using the law of conservation of mass by Lavoisier and the idea that every unique compound has a unique formula (law of definite proportions by Proust) we can determine the chemical formula of hydrocarbon fuel if we have the mass of the CO2 and H2O that is produced.
The key to solving these problems are percent by mass!
lecture 0a: Combustion analysis
3: Review question 4 with key below.
4. Complete the Lab 5 calculations and Data page – RED TEAM ONLY ,Green Team, Orange Team
Blue Team did this in class today!
I will post a video of how to complete the calculations below these notes. Every team should have the conclusion questions and data page completed by tomorrow.
a) Determine. the mass of your annhydrate (dried hydrate)
b) Determine the mass of the water (THAT was in your crystal)
c) calculate the experimental percent by mass of water:
% by mass = Mass of the part (mass of water missing) x 100
Mass of the whole (mass of original hydrate)
d) calculate the Theoretical percent by mass of water using the chemical formula of the hydrate:
CuSO4 • 5H20
Given the formula above, determine the percent by mass of water of the hydrate:
Assume you have 1 mole of CuSO4 • 5H20:
Thus in 1 mole of the hydrate you have 5 moles of water:
For every one (CuSO4 • 5H20) you have 5 moles of water.
1 : 5
Ratios of how many!!! This is why we need a mole theory!
% by mass = Mass of the part (mass of 5 moles of water) x 100
Mass of the whole (mass of 1 mole of hydrate)
*Mass of 1 mole of any compound (with a unique chemical formula) is the sum of the atomic masses of all atoms in
thank you Proust!
the formula or molecule. You need the periodic table!
End of Wednesday..
10/15 – Thursday – “B” Day –period 2, – I 2(B,D) 3(D) AP CHEMISTRY
– period 2, – R 2(B,D) 3(D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 3,4 (LAB) – I 3(B) 4(B,D) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 3,4 (LAB) – R 3(B) 4(B,D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
The blue team and orange team are remote today. Please move to the remote instruction page.
period 2
TEST 1 RETAKE
period 3,
TEST 1 RETAKE
Period 4 (LAB) –
1. Review Lab 5 – The green team used the video to obtain their data for Lab 5. I will review all the calculations for the lab including the data and conclusion pages. I will discuss the possible errors for the lab.
I will stream and record this lecture.
Period 4 lecture: Lab 5 review
10/15 – Thursday – “B” Day – Homework –
1. Please complete Lab 5 including the conclusion.
I will post a video from period 4 that will review all the calculations/questions/errors of the lab.
It is posted above the homework.
If you want skip the intro. I start working on the data calculations at the 11:00 mark.
I start the conclusion questions at the 27:00 mark
Lab 5 is due Friday for the Blue and Orange teams.
Lab 5 is due Monday for the Red and Green teams.
End of Thursday..
10/16 – Friday – “C” Day – period 2, – I 2(A,C) 3(A) AP CHEMISTRY
–period 2, – R 2(A,C) 3(A) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 3,4 (LAB) – I. 3(C) 4(A,C) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 3,4 (LAB) – R 3(C) 4(A,C) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
The red and green team are remote today. Please move to the Remote instruction page.
period 2, period 3: (Single class lessons that are the same)
1. Mole Concept finish – note below – slides from 27 to 43
Review of filling boxes of volumes from Gay-Lussacs
– STM review/ piezo electric crystal / quartz watch
2. Homework Lecture 0 review – combustion analysis, percent by mass tie into Lab 5
Quick Form Review: Mole concepts
Mole theory presentation (for period 2, 3):
*Mole Concept Diagram Lesson:
A mole is an abbreviated NUMBER that helps chemistry quantify the actual number of particles (atoms, ions, electrons, molecules, etc.) needed to DO chemistry.
We need an abbreviated number because these microscopic particles ARE SO SMALL that we need a TREMENDOUS amount of them to have a significant amount of matter that we can measure with in the microscopic world. Think how many atoms a mole of Al atoms stacked on each other would be? (Lab 4!) It was over a 100 trillion meters even though each Al atom has 0.286 nm diameter!! Light travels at about 10000 trillion meters per second so this distance would extend way beyond our solar system!
Please remember that the mole is a “how many quantity” that helps us actually Do Chemistry!!! From the mole concept we are able to:
1. Determine the atomic mass of elements (This is how we determined how elements
differed initially!!!).
2: Determine chemical formulas of compounds.
3: Determine the chemical equations of chemical reaction.
4: Predicting quantities like how much of product will we produce given a certain
amount of reactants in a chemical reaction.
5: Predicting quantities like how much of a reactant is needed to make certain amount
of product.
6: Determining the quantities (V, P, T, n) of a gas under changing conditions.
7: Solve Electrolytic Problems (Amperage, how much metal is deposited on cathode, etc.)
8: Determine a concentration (Molarity = mole / Liter of solution) of a solution of ions etc.
9: Finding a quantity that is directly related to the mole.
The key is here is that we are able to use this How many Number not by counting particles which would be impossible but by USING A SCALE! Because we decided to make the Relative Atomic Mass the equivalent in grams that 1 MOLE of every element would measure we can use a GRAM Balance or Scale to measure mass AND THEM convert to moles or vice versa.
*OUR WINDOW INTO THE WORLD OF HOW MANY Particle IS THROUGH MASS
or volume if a gas.
Using moles to answer how many is called Stoichiometry!!!
Stoichiometry works because of the Law of Conservation of Mass.
Because of Antoine Lavoisier and the Modern Atomic Theory by John Dalton, atoms are neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions and are just rearranged into different ratios of elements in compounds. These ratios are a How Many Value!
Stiochiometry also works because of the Law of definite proportions.
Because of Joseph Proust and the Modern Atomic Theory, each compound has its own unique arrangement of atoms called a chemical formula which results in each unique compound having a unique percent by mass of each type of atom (element) in its molecule. This is due to compound having a unique ratio of atoms in their chemical formulas. Chemical formulas are a How many Value!
Since chemical reactions are a result of atoms, molecules, and ions colliding as individual particles then to calculate the outcomes of reactions we must consider the moles (THE HOW MANY VALUE) of the chemical species.
period 3:
Lab 6 – Lab 6 – Determination of Empirical formula of a Hydrate –
LAB 6 – Empirical Formula analysis of Hydrate.pdf
NOTES*Lesson for Lab 6 –
*Determine the chemical formula of a hydrate:
Because of the conservation of mass by Antoine Levassuer, the mass of water that is released from the crystal (hydrate) is the same mass that was is in the crystal. THus the moles of water lost is the water that are in the crystal (in the formula ) .
Formulas of compounds are fixed! (THanks Joe Proust – Law of definite proportions)
Once we determine the mass of water lost, we at the same time determine the mass of remaining part of the salt called the annhydrate. Convert grams of both parts of the hydrate to moles and then get a ratio of how many (moles) by dividing by the lowest number of moles. That ratio is what we will use for the fixed formula!
Click on the links below to view today’s recorded Zoom lessons:
10/16 – Friday – “C” Day – Homework –
1. Please complete the empiri&molec ditto hydrate combination.pdf worksheet
We started this in class.
2. Review with the key below:
empiri&molec ditto
3: Please view Lecture 1.3 with the worksheet below.
I will walk you through all questions except number 4.
4. Complete Worksheet Stiochiometry 1 – balance yield.pdf (number 4) and review with key below:
Lecture AP 1.3 – Basic Stoichiometry and percent yield:
5. Precipitation Analysis: Now that we can determine chemical formulas from heating (Lab 5) or from combustion analysis (Analytical Chemistry I – determining chemical formulas.pdf) we can also do so by the number of dry grams of precipitate, as long as we use stoichiometry!
a)Watch Lecture 1.1 Below and and follow along with me with question one as we calculate the Molarity of the individual ions in the solution using stiochiometry.
b) Watch Lecture 1.2 and follow along with me to complete questions 4, and 5 as we use precipitation to and stoichiometry to determine the chemical formulas of the salts (ionic compounds).
c) Complete question 5 on your own and review with the key below. This question puts it all together!
Lecture 1.2: Question 4 and 5 modeled:
End of Week 6!
Remote Instruction:
10/13 – Tuesday – “D” Day – period 2,3 (Lab) – I 2(B,D) 3(D) AP CHEMISTRY
– period 2,3 (Lab) – R 2(B,D) 3(D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 4 – I 3(B) 4(B,D) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 4 – R 3(B) 4(B,D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
The Blue and Orange are on remote today.
Zoom Stream Information for period 2 and 3:
Topic: AP chem – 10/13 – period 2
Time: Oct 13, 2020 08:00 PM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
Join Zoom Meeting
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/88074792663?pwd=dGtsR0hwZWNzcUNrcGV4bHNKQlJyZz09
Meeting ID: 880 7479 2663
Passcode: PiPWk1
One tap mobile
+16465588656,,88074792663#,,,,,,0#,,520680# US (New York)
Zoom Stream Information for period 4:
Topic: AP Chemistry – period 4
Time: Oct 13, 2020 09:30 AM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
Join Zoom Meeting
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/82285911288?pwd=aUNSSFhxQUFBemlvVjlaYlVOa3FxQT09
Meeting ID: 822 8591 1288
Passcode: A5c5hT
One tap mobile
+16465588656,,82285911288#,,,,,,0#,,888898# US (New York)
period 2, period 4
1. Test questions/ quick review
2. Mole concept – continue –
review of filling boxes of volumes from Gay-Lussacs
– STM review/ piezo electric crystal / quartz watch
Mole THeory Presentation:
period 3 Lab 5 – Zoom Stream Continues to period 3
Please complete the lab with me. I will provide the data and images.
Please move to the week 6 page to view your homework.
10/14 – Wednesday “A” Day – period 2,3 (Lab) – I 2(A,C) 3(A) AP CHEMISTRY
–period 2,3 (Lab) – R 2(A,C) 3(A) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 4 – I 3(C) 4(A,C) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 4 – R 3(C) 4(A,C) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
The Red team and the Green Team are on Remote today.
ZOOM STREAM link information period 2:
Topic: AP Chem – 10/14 – period 2 –
Time: Oct 14, 2020 08:00 AM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
Join Zoom Meeting
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/87196056920?pwd=cEo2eVp1U2FlVFdDazI3UXB3bWJCQT09
Meeting ID: 871 9605 6920
Passcode: dT1gbJ
One tap mobile
+16465588656,,87196056920#,,,,,,0#,,041152# US (New York)
ZOOM STREAM link information period 4:
Topic: AP Chem – 10/14 – period 4
Time: Oct 14, 2020 09:30 AM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
Join Zoom Meeting
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/83350650205?pwd=S0FveXhiakh2SEVlMVhrQytYeEdJdz09
Meeting ID: 833 5065 0205
Passcode: 3Q9CWU
One tap mobile
+16465588656,,83350650205#,,,,,,0#,,876354# US (New York)
period 2, Period 4
1. Proust —> Dalton —-> Charles —->Avogadro
2. Lab 5 – first heating – I will post your data for your lab completion for homework.
period 3:
LAB 5 – data collection and completion – notes on how to complete the data section are posted below.
RED team will continue the lab using your crucibles. I took the following measurements for you. You have everything you need to complete the experimental percent by mass of water in the hydrate. Please complete the data table. Start the conclusion questions.
Green Team and REMOTE STUDENTS will use the video posted below the data to collect the data and then complete the data table and start the conclusion questions.
RED team data for Lab 5:
It will be all white guys!!!
| Megan | Jack | Morgan | Theresa | Kade | |
1st heating |
1st heating |
1st heating |
1st heating |
||
2nd heating |
2nd heating |
2nd heating |
2nd heating |
2nd heating: |
|
3rd heating |
3rd heating |
3rd heating |
3rd heating |
3rd heating: |
Giavanna
|
1st heating:
|
|
2nd heating:
|
|
3rd heating
|
GREEN TEAM and REMOTE Students:
Complete the Lab 5 calculations for the Data page – RED, GREEN, Full REMOTR
a) Determine. the mass of your annhydrate (dried hydrate)
b) Determine the mass of the water (THAT was in your crystal)
c) calculate the experimental percent by mass of water:
% by mass = Mass of the part (mass of water missing) x 100
Mass of the whole (mass of original hydrate)
d) calculate the Theoretical percent by mass of water using the chemical formula of the hydrate:
CuSO4 • 5H20
Given the formula above, determine the percent by mass of water of the hydrate:
Assume you have 1 mole of CuSO4 • 5H20:
Thus in 1 mole of the hydrate you have 5 moles of water:
For every one (CuSO4 • 5H20) you have 5 moles of water.
1 : 5
Ratios of how many!!! This is why we need a mole theory!
% by mass = Mass of the part (mass of 5 moles of water) x 100
Mass of the whole (mass of 1 mole of hydrate)
*Mass of 1 mole of any compound (with a unique chemical formula) is the sum of the atomic masses of all atoms in the formula or molecule. You need the periodic table!
Please move to the week 6 to view the homework.
10/15 – Thursday – “B” Day –period 2, – I 2(B,D) 3(D) AP CHEMISTRY
– period 2, – R 2(B,D) 3(D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 3,4 (LAB) – I 3(B) 4(B,D) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 3,4 (LAB) – R 3(B) 4(B,D) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
The blue team and orange team are remote today.
Period 2 Zoom Stream info:
Topic: AP Chemistry – 10/15 – period 2
Time: Oct 15, 2020 08:00 AM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
Join Zoom Meeting
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/85690069659?pwd=ZFg2YlRZWjZPSzNLSTNjWCtPc2kyZz09
Meeting ID: 856 9006 9659
Passcode: 1D61Xz
One tap mobile
+16465588656,,85690069659#,,,,,,0#,,739152# US (New York)
Period 3/4 Zoom Stream info:
Topic: AP Chemistry – 10/15 – Period 3/4
Time: Oct 15, 2020 09:00 AM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
Join Zoom Meeting
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/83950814107?pwd=U2pIWjVIVXZ0RWJIRUdTVFUyUGhyZz09
Meeting ID: 839 5081 4107
Passcode: kH47s6
One tap mobile
+16465588656,,83950814107#,,,,,,0#,,254030# US (New York)
period 2: Please join the Zoom Stream and open the link to the google I sent you to complete the Retake.
TEST 1 RETAKE
period 3, Please join the Zoom Stream and open the link to the google I sent you to complete the Retake.
TEST 1 RETAKE
Period 4 (LAB) – Please continue the Stream from period 3 through period 4
1. Review Lab 5 – The green team used the video to obtain their data for Lab 5. I will review all the calculations for the lab including the data and conclusion pages. I will discuss the possible errors for the lab.
I will stream and record this lecture.
Please move to the week 6 page to view and complete today’s homework.
10/16 – Friday – “C” Day – period 2, – I 2(A,C) 3(A) AP CHEMISTRY
–period 2, – R 2(A,C) 3(A) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
-period 3,4 (LAB) – I. 3(C) 4(A,C) AP CHEMISTRY
-period 3,4 (LAB) – R 3(C) 4(A,C) REMOTE INSTRUCTION
The red and green team are remote today.
period 2 – Zoom Stream Link:
Topic: AP Chemistry – 10/16 – period 2
Time: Oct 16, 2020 08:00 AM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
Join Zoom Meeting
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/83990690561?pwd=d2RQcjlPMk9KRTBEOU1WS1NFcXYvZz09
Meeting ID: 839 9069 0561
Passcode: SfUT5P
One tap mobile
+16465588656,,83990690561#,,,,,,0#,,554630# US (New York)
period 3 – Zoom Stream Link:
Topic: AP Chemistry – 10/16 – period 3
Time: Oct 16, 2020 09:00 AM Eastern Time (US and Canada)
Join Zoom Meeting
https://us02web.zoom.us/j/86896031838?pwd=aXIvb091YWUzaWl6T0hOajlxWFB2dz09
Meeting ID: 868 9603 1838
Passcode: P05fJD
One tap mobile
+16465588656,,86896031838#,,,,,,0#,,811320# US (New York)
period 2, period 3: (Single class lessons that are the same)
1. Mole Concept finish – note below – slides from 27 to 43
Review of filling boxes of volumes from Gay-Lussacs
– STM review/ piezo electric crystal / quartz watch
2. Homework Lecture 0 review – combustion analysis, percent by mass tie into Lab 5
Quick Form Review: Mole concepts
period 4: Stay connected to the Zoom stream from period 2
1. Please print Lab 6 if you can. If cannot please just write down the data from the video below.
LAB 6 – Empirical Formula analysis of Hydrate.pdf
NOTES*Lesson for Lab 6 –
*Determine the chemical formula of a hydrate:
Because of the conservation of mass by Antoine Levassuer, the mass of water that is released from the crystal (hydrate) is the same mass that was is in the crystal. THus the moles of water lost is the water that are in the crystal (in the formula ) .
Formulas of compounds are fixed! (THanks Joe Proust – Law of definite proportions)
Once we determine the mass of water lost, we at the same time determine the mass of remaining part of the salt called the annhydrate. Convert grams of both parts of the hydrate to moles and then get a ratio of how many (moles) by dividing by the lowest number of moles. That ratio is what we will use for the fixed formula!
Please play the video below to get the data from the lab:
Lab 6 Virtual Data collection:
NOT UPDATED BEYOND THIS POINT!