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SUMMER INSTITUTE – Module 3 – Intro to Energy

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Module 2  ➙  4          Jump to:  Activity 1,  Activity 2,  Activity 3,  Activity 4,  Activity 5,  Activity 6,  Activity 7,  Module Test

Module 3 – Intro to Energy –

5 hours – due July 17th!  

 
Link to the Module 3 worksheets:
 
Module 3 Notes pg 16-24.pdf
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We will start using The Regents Reference Tables:
These are the most recent regents chemistry tables:                                                                                                               
 2011 edition reference tables.pdf
View Download		  For viewing on screen
 2011 edition reference tables printable.pdf
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  For Printing as a Hard Copy
 
* Connections – So we have learned about intensive physical properties like Density which can be used to identify elements or compounds (substances) but the amount of energy that a substance has can change those properties.  For instance, water which everyone seems to know has a density of 1.0 g/ml is only true at 4.0 degrees Celsius.  That is why we usually deal with these values at set conditions.  We will call these conditions for other values, Standard or for gases, STP (Standard Temperature, Standard Pressure).  STP is listed in Table A of your reference table.
 
Hot and Cold Water Wave Tank Demo: 
 
 

Now that we understand the differences between all types of matter we need to begin our discussion in the energy changes that occur between physical and chemical changes in matter.  Remember that all matter will have preferred low energy states.  Things in nature tend to move toward more stability (LOW Energy) by releasing their extra energy but can also move to less stable states in energy (High Energy) when energy is available to be consumed (or absorbed).

 

 

 

 

Activity 1:  SKILL : Energy introduction overview: units Joules, calories, stability and energy, chemical changes and physical changes of energy, Exothermic (like exergonic) and Endothermic (like endergonic), ∆H and Table I (in reference table).

Notes: page 16, and Energy presentation slides 1 – 13.
 
*Endergonic (from AP Biology) represented a process where the Free Energy was absorbed while Exergonic represented a process where the Free energy was released (we rode the Energy Pony!!!!).  When we are dealing with just heat absorbed or released we use Endothermic and Exothermic (thermal = heat).
 
1: Please view Lecture 1.10 – Energy Intro below:   
 
2: View Slides 1 – 9 of the Energy Intro Presentation and complete the energy introduction ditto. Review with the key. 
 
energy introduction ditto 1.pdf
 
energy introduction ditto 1 KEY.pdf
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3: Complete the RAT 10 – Intro to Energy – Institute Form that is associated with information in the lecture based on questions from the file below called RAT 10 (Readiness Assessment Test 10).  
 
Readiness Assessment Test 10 – Lecture 1.10.pdf

 

 

    1 : Lecture 1.10 – Energy Intro

    2 : Energy – Intro – Presentation

Please complete the form form for immediate feedback:
 

3 : RAT 10 – Intro to Energy – Institute Form


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Activity 2:  SKILL : Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius using linear Algebra.  Derivation of a formula.
 
1:  Please use the following file and the video below to complete the assignment. You are essentially graphing Fahrenheit temperatures (boiling water – 212 degrees F with the freezing point of water – 32 degrees F) with the Celsius equivalents.  With this graph and linear algebra (y = mx + b) you will derive the formula that converts Fahrenheit into Celsius.  We will Derive a majority of our formulas used in this course.
  
Please follow the directions with the video below and complete on file below. 
Please keep this activity as I will collect this in September.
 
Temperature Scales Graphing assignment:
Celsius and F graphing Assignment.pdf

 

 

    1 : Instructions of how to complete graphing assignment:

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Activity 3:  SKILL: Temperature and its scales.

Temperature measurements give us information if energy is being absorbed or released. It does not give us Energy but help us the determine the change in Energy.
 
*Connections: Energy that goes into a system (endothermic) or Energy that exits a system (exothermic) is neither created or destroyed. It is just converted from one form to another.  There are plenty of forms that we saw from last year:
 
Example: Potential energy in Glucose (from the high energy bonds in the chemical compound) gets converted into heat (thermal) energy and kinetic energy (moving motor proteins that move muscles).
 
Here are some demos that I would of done to show how energy is interconvertible.   Although not part of Regents Chemistry, keep in mind that Energy must disperse outward. (Second Law of Thermodynamics that states the Entropy must increase in the universe.)  Remember the heat released in cellular respiration (using glucose) is necessary for the process to increase the entropy of the universe and make the process ‘spontaneous’.
 

 

1 : Conservation Energy Demo – Steam to Electricity!

    2 : Conservation of Energy Demo – Hero’s Engine

 

1:  Please watch the lecture 1.12 – Temperature below on the basics of temperature up to 15:40.

 
2:  Please watch the the last part of Lecture 1.11 from 13:21 to the end that better explains the 
      the Kelvin Scale.
 
3:  Please complete the temperature scales honors.pdf worksheet and review with the key below.
 
temperature scales honors.pdf

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temperature scales honors key.pdf
 
4: Complete RAT 12, using file below and form below:
 
Readiness Assessment Test 12 – Lecture 1.12.pdf
View Download                                                                                                                                                                         

    1 : Lecture 1.12 – Temperature

    2 : Lecture 1.11 – Temperature Scales

 
4 : RAT 12 – Intro to Energy – Institute Form 
  

 

Activity 4:  SKILL: Calorimetry problems –  

1:  Please view Lecture below with the Cooky Calorie and joules Regents worksheet below.
 
2:  Complete worksheet and review with key below.
 
Cooky Calorie and joules Regents.pdf
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Cooky Calorie and joules Regents key.pdf
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3:  View Demos. 

 

 

    1 : Lecture 1.13 – Temperature to Calorimetry math problems 

DEMOS:
Transfer of heat Demo:

Why doesn’t the the paper cup just burn (combust or react with oxygen)?

 

Gummy Bear Demo:
 
In this demonstration potassium chlorate – K2ClO3 was heated to a liquid demonstrating an endothermic phase change and then decomposed into O2 and KCl.  The oxygen reacted with the sugar in the Gummi Bear exothermically. 
 
 

1. melting the white solid:                  KClO3(s)  +  heat   —> KClO3(l)

2. hot liquid reacts:                           2KClO3(l)  +  heat    —>   2 KCl(s) +   3 O2(g)

 

3.  Sucrose (table sugar in gummi bear reacts with oxygen:

                               C12H22O11  +   35/2 O2   —>   12CO2  +   11H2O   +   heat (5635 kJ)                                                             sucrose

 

 

Uplifting Demo: 

Two solids are mixed in beaker that is placed on a wooden board that has a small amount of water on it and an endothermic reaction occurs! Watch Out!!  This Should look Familiar!

Energy  + Sr(OH)2 • 8 H2O (s) + 2 NH4SCN (s)  —>  Sr(SCN)2 (s) + 10 H2O (l) + 2 NH3 (g)

 

                                                                             H2O (l)   —> H2O (s)  +   Energy     

The energy absorbed endothermically by the first reaction was taken away from the water (who released it exothermically to the first reaction!  I hope this does not board you!

The Cool and “up lifting demo!!”:

 

Activity 5:  SKILL Advanced Calorimetry problems –       

 
1: Please watch lecture on problem 2 of the worksheet (harder of the 2 problems) and complete question with me.
 
2: Complete question 1 on your own (it is a bit easier) and review with the key below.
 
*Connections – We are incorporating the conservation of energy into our energy equations as we consider the energy released from one substance to the energy absorbed to another.  We are also considering the concept that many objects or substances are involved in the energy transfer.  Remember, what team are the substances on?  Are the releasing or absorbing?  
 
Calorie problems expanded honors.pdf
 
Calorie problems expanded honors KEY 2013.pdf 
View Download

 

 

1 : Lecture 1.13B – Honors Expanded Calorimetry problems

 

Activity 6: Calorimetry Lab – Determination of Calories per gram in a Cheeto-  

 
1: Please complete the lab below with the file and the video below:
 

Lab 4 Honors Calorimety of a Cheese Curl Institute.pdf                                                                      View Download

 
2: I will physically collect this assignment in September with all your labs.


  

 

1 : Calorimetry of a Cheeto Lab

 

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Module Test 3 – available below

 
Once you are done with all activities please complete Test 3 – by using the file below and the form below:
 
Module Test 3 – Energy intro.pdf
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 Remember none of this is graded but I am getting a number to see how well you understand the topics.  If you are enjoying this madness then you are at the right place.  If this is very painful, I am sorry but you need these skills for AP Chemistry!!!
 
 You must have completed all assignments above first before you begin your module Test 3.
 

 

 

Module Test 3: ( Yes it will send you your submission graded automatically) – make sure your email is correct when submitting in the form. 

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END OF MODULE 3!