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   AP Chemistry University – FRQ Library

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The following AP chemistry FRQ review videos were made to review and teach how to complete the Free Response section of the exam. The skills are reviewed BUT they also teach to identify the skills needed by reviewing the concepts.  Below each FRQ review video is my key that is used in the video.  I have also posted the link to the College Board’s Key.  A team of AP readers creates the key as a consensus so my key may not completely match the College Board key. The College Board Key, although not always the best to review with,  is important to understand how points are earned.

Below the links for each Review Video there is also a review FRQ Alignment Guide that might be helpful to identify and review the concept on each FRQ question.

_________________________                                                                                                                                                       Jump to:  Top            2026 FRQ –   

To use the timestamps to move directly to the question you want to review please click the “Watch on YouTube” link and scroll under the description of the video to view and click the timestamp link to move directly to the question you want to review.                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

 

2026 AP Chemistry FRQ Solutions.pdf
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2026 AP Chemistry FRQ Blank.pdf
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2026 AP Chemistry College Board Guidelines.pdf
View Download 🚧(Not available yet from College Board.)

 

 

_________________________________________________________________________________                                                               Jump to:  Top   2026 AP Chemistry FRQ Alignment Guide | Analysis

Complete mapped curriculum for each FRQ question – Google Sheet Link

Question 1

  • Question 1a(i): Topic 1.5 – Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration (Electron configuration of K+)
  • Question 1a(ii): Topic 1.7 – Periodic Trends (Atomic vs. ionic radius)
  • Question 1b: Topic 6.9 – Calorimetry (Determining when dissolution is complete)
  • Question 1c(i): Topic 6.9 – Calorimetry (Calculating heat, q)
  • Question 1c(ii): Topic 6.9 – Calorimetry (Calculating enthalpy of solution)
  • Question 1d: Topic 6.9 – Calorimetry (Experimental error – heat loss)
  • Question 1e: Topic 6.9 – Calorimetry (Comparing temperature change for KCl and RbCl)
  • Question 1f(i): Topic 7.11 – Introduction to Solubility Equilibria (Writing the dissolution equation)
  • Question 1f(ii): Topic 7.11 – Introduction to Solubility Equilibria (Calculating molar solubility from Ksp)
  • Question 1f(iii): Topic 7.12 – Common-Ion Effect (Effect of KCl on RbCl solubility)

Question 2

  • Question 2a(i): Topic 2.7 – VSEPR and Hybridization (Predicting molecular geometry)
  • Question 2a(ii): Topic 2.6 – Resonance and Formal Charge (Drawing a resonance structure)
  • Question 2b(i): Topic 4.2 – Net Ionic Equations (Chromate-dichromate equilibrium reaction)
  • Question 2b(ii): Topic 4.4 – Physical and Chemical Changes (Determining if the reaction is redox)
  • Question 2c: Topic 9.4 – Free Energy of Electrochemical Reactions (Calculating delta G from E degrees)
  • Question 2d: Topic 9.7 – Electrolysis and Faraday’s Law (Calculating grams of chromium plated)
  • Question 2e: Topic 5.4 – Integrated Rate Laws (Identifying first-order kinetics from data)
  • Question 2f: Topic 5.4 – Integrated Rate Laws (Calculating the rate constant, k)
  • Question 2g: Topic 5.4 – Integrated Rate Laws (Effect of changing initial concentration on the ln[A] plot)

Question 3

  • Question 3a: Topic 8.1 – Introduction to Acids and Bases (Identifying a conjugate acid-base pair)
  • Question 3b(i): Topic 8.3 – pH and pOH of Strong Acids and Bases (Calculating [H3O+] from pH)
  • Question 3b(ii): Topic 8.5 – Acid-Base Equilibria (Calculating equilibrium concentration of HNO2)
  • Question 3c(i): Topic 8.5 – Acid-Base Equilibria (Calculating Ka at a new temperature)
  • Question 3c(ii): Topic 9.2 – Driving Forces (Determining whether ionization is endothermic or exothermic)
  • Question 3d: Topic 8.8 – Titration Curves (Finding the equivalence-point pH)
  • Question 3e: Topic 8.8 – Titration Curves (Calculating acid concentration from titration data)
  • Question 3f: Topic 8.7 – pH and pKa (Identifying the half-equivalence point)
  • Question 3g: Topic 7.2 – Introduction to Equilibrium (Calculating an equilibrium constant from Ka and Kw)
  • Question 3h: Topic 8.7 – pH and pKa (Selecting the best acid-base indicator)

Question 4

  • Question 4a: Topic 2.2 – Intramolecular Force and Potential Energy (Comparing P-P bond lengths)
  • Question 4b: Topic 7.8 – Introduction to Equilibrium (Calculating Kp from equilibrium pressures)
  • Question 4c: Topic 9.2 – Driving Forces (Relating spontaneity to enthalpy and entropy)

Question 5

  • Question 5a: Topic 2.1 – Types of Chemical Bonds (Comparing bond polarity)
  • Question 5b: Topic 2.7 – VSEPR and Hybridization (Explaining differences in bond angles)
  • Question 5c(i): Topic 3.2 – Intermolecular Forces (Identifying intermolecular forces)
  • Question 5c(ii): Topic 3.2 – Intermolecular Forces (Explaining differences in boiling point)

Question 6

  • Question 6a: Topic 3.13 – Beer-Lambert Law (Relating absorbance to concentration with particle diagrams)
  • Question 6b(i): Topic 3.13 – Beer-Lambert Law (Determining concentration from a calibration curve)
  • Question 6b(ii): Topic 1.4 – Composition of Mixtures (Calculating the original concentration using dilution)
  • Question 6c: Topic 1.4 – Composition of Mixtures (Dilutions and experimental error)

Question 7

  • Question 7a: Topic 6.6 – Hess’s Law and Enthalpy of Reaction (Calculating standard enthalpy of formation)
  • Question 7b: Topic 6.7 – Bond Enthalpies and Enthalpy Calculations (Limiting reactant and heat released)
  • Question 7c: Topic 3.3 – Structure of Ionic Solids (Using Coulomb’s law to explain lattice enthalpy)

 

 

 

_________________________                                                                                                                                                        Jump to:  Top            2025 FRQ –   

To use the timestamps to move directly to the question you want to review please click the “Watch on YouTube” link and scroll under the description of the video to view and click the timestamp link to move directly to the question you want to review.                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

 

2025 AP Chemistry FRQ Solutions.pdf
View Download

2025 AP Chemistry FRQ Blank.pdf
View Download

2025 AP Chemistry College Board Guidelines.pdf
View Download 

 

 

_________________________________________________________________________________                                                               Jump to:  Top   2025 AP Chemistry FRQ Alignment Guide | Analysis

Question 1

  • Question 1a(i): Topic 1.2 – Moles and Molar Mass (Empirical formula/composition)
  • Question 1a(ii): Topic 1.2 – Moles and Molar Mass (Mole ratios / molecular formula)
  • Question 1b: Topic 4.1 – Representations of Reactions (Stoichiometric relationships)
  • Question 1c(i): Topic 6.4 – Calorimetry (Calculate heat (q))
  • Question 1c(ii): Topic 6.5 – Enthalpy (Determine ΔH)
  • Question 1d: Topic 6.4 – Calorimetry (Experimental error)
  • Question 1e: Topic 7.1 – Introduction to Equilibrium (Predict equilibrium shift)

Question 2

  • Question 2a(i): Topic 2.7 – VSEPR and Hybridization (Predict geometry)
  • Question 2a(ii): Topic 2.6 – Resonance and Formal Charge (Resonance)
  • Question 2b: Topic 9.3 – Galvanic Cells (Cell notation/reaction)
  • Question 2c: Topic 9.4 – Free Energy (ΔG and E°)
  • Question 2d: Topic 9.7 – Electrolysis (Faraday calculations)
  • Question 2e: Topic 5.4 – Integrated Rate Laws (Determine reaction order)
  • Question 2f: Topic 5.4 – Integrated Rate Laws (Calculate k)

Question 3

  • Question 3a: Topic 8.1 – Acids and Bases (Conjugate pairs)
  • Question 3b(i): Topic 8.3 – pH (Calculate [H3O+])
  • Question 3b(ii): Topic 8.5 – Acid Equilibria (ICE table)
  • Question 3c: Topic 8.5 – Acid Equilibria (Ka)
  • Question 3d: Topic 8.8 – Titrations (Equivalence point)
  • Question 3e: Topic 8.8 – Titrations (Concentration from titration)
  • Question 3f: Topic 8.7 – pKa (Half-equivalence)

Question 4

  • Question 4a: Topic 2.2 – Bonding (Bond length)
  • Question 4b: Topic 7.8 – Equilibrium (Kp)
  • Question 4c: Topic 9.2 – Thermodynamics (Spontaneity)

Question 5

  • Question 5a: Topic 2.1 – Bond Polarity (Compare polarity)
  • Question 5b: Topic 2.7 – VSEPR (Bond angles)
  • Question 5c(i): Topic 3.2 – Intermolecular Forces (Identify IMF)
  • Question 5c(ii): Topic 3.2 – Intermolecular Forces (Boiling point)

Question 6

  • Question 6a: Topic 3.13 – Beer-Lambert Law (Particle representations)
  • Question 6b(i): Topic 3.13 – Beer-Lambert Law (Calibration curve)
  • Question 6b(ii): Topic 1.4 – Composition of Mixtures (Dilution)
  • Question 6c: Topic 1.4 – Composition of Mixtures (Experimental error)

Question 7

  • Question 7a: Topic 6.6 – Hess’s Law (ΔHf)
  • Question 7b: Topic 6.7 – Bond Enthalpy (Energy calculations)
  • Question 7c: Topic 3.3 – Ionic Solids (Lattice energy/Coulomb’s law)

 

_________________________                                                                                                                                                        Jump to:  Top            2024 FRQ –   

To use the timestamps to move directly to the question you want to review please click the “Watch on YouTube” link and scroll under the description of the video to view and click the timestamp link to move directly to the question you want to review.                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

 

2024 AP Chemistry FRQ Solutions.pdf
View Download

2024 AP Chemistry FRQ Blank.pdf
View Download

2024 AP Chemistry College Board Guidelines.pdf
View Download 

 

 

_________________________________________________________________________________                                                               Jump to:  Top   2024 AP Chemistry FRQ Alignment Guide | Analysis

Question 1

  • Question 1a: Topic 8.6 – Molecular Structure of Acids (Identify the acidic proton)
  • Question 1b: Topic 3.7 – Solution Composition (Calculate molarity)
  • Question 1c: Topic 8.5 – pH and pKa (Determine pKa from a titration curve)
  • Question 1d(i): Topic 8.5 – Acid–Base Titrations (Interpret particle diagram)
  • Question 1d(ii): Topic 8.7 – Buffers and pKa (Justify position on titration curve)
  • Question 1d(iii): Topic 8.5 – Acid–Base Titrations (Effect of NaOH concentration)
  • Question 1e(i): Topic 6.4 – Calorimetry (Calculate heat, q)
  • Question 1e(ii): Topic 6.6 – Enthalpy of Reaction (Calculate ΔHrxn)
  • Question 1e(iii): Topic 6.4 – Calorimetry (Experimental error: heat loss)

Question 2

  • Question 2a(i): Topic 2.7 – VSEPR and Hybridization (Count electron domains before determining the molecular geometry.)
  • Question 2a(ii): Topic 2.6 – Resonance and Formal Charge (Choose the resonance structure that minimizes formal charges while satisfying octets.)
  • Question 2b: Topic 3.2 – Intermolecular Forces (Identify the strongest intermolecular force responsible for the observed property.)
  • Question 2c: Topic 7.1 – Introduction to Equilibrium (Compare the reaction quotient with the equilibrium constant before predicting the direction of shift.)
  • Question 2d: Topic 9.2 – Thermodynamics (Relate the signs of ΔH and ΔS to determine whether the process is thermodynamically favorable.)
  • Question 2e: Topic 9.4 – Free Energy and Electrochemical Reactions (Connect the sign of E°cell with ΔG and whether the reaction is spontaneous.)

Question 3

  • Question 3a: Topic 7.8 – Equilibrium Constants (Write the equilibrium expression before substituting values)
  • Question 3b(i): Topic 7.8 – Kc/Kp Calculations (Organize the data using an ICE table if needed)
  • Question 3b(ii): Topic 7.9 – Le Châtelier’s Principle (Identify the stress before predicting the equilibrium shift)
  • Question 3c: Topic 7.11 – Solubility Equilibria (Write the dissolution equation before calculating Ksp)
  • Question 3d: Topic 7.12 – Common-Ion Effect (Determine how the added ion shifts the equilibrium)
  • Question 3e: Topic 7.13 – Thermodynamics of Equilibrium (Relate ΔG, K, and spontaneity before calculating)

Question 4

  • Question 4a: Topic 5.1 – Reaction Rates (Use the slope of the concentration–time graph to determine the reaction rate)
  • Question 4b: Topic 5.4 – Integrated Rate Laws (Select the graph that produces the best straight line)
  • Question 4c: Topic 5.4 – Calculate Rate Constant (Use the integrated rate law for the correct reaction order)
  • Question 4d: Topic 5.8 – Reaction Mechanisms (Remember that the slow step determines the rate law)

Question 5

  • Question 5a: Topic 2.1 – Types of Chemical Bonds (Relate the bonding type to the observed properties)
  • Question 5b: Topic 2.2 – Bond Length and Bond Energy (Compare bond length with bond strength and bond energy)
  • Question 5c(i): Topic 3.2 – Intermolecular Forces (Identify the strongest intermolecular force present)
  • Question 5c(ii): Topic 3.2 – Physical Properties from IMF (Use intermolecular forces to justify the observed property)

Question 6

  • Question 6a: Topic 9.3 – Galvanic Cells (Identify the anode and cathode before analyzing the cell)
  • Question 6b(i): Topic 9.4 – Standard Cell Potential (Calculate E°cell using cathode minus anode)
  • Question 6b(ii): Topic 9.4 – Gibbs Free Energy (Relate the sign of E°cell to the sign of ΔG)
  • Question 6c: Topic 9.7 – Electrolysis and Faraday’s Law (Convert current to charge before finding moles of electrons

Question 7

  • Question 7a: Topic 1.2 – Moles and Molar Mass (Balance the equation before beginning stoichiometry)
  • Question 7b: Topic 1.4 – Composition of Mixtures (Identify the limiting information before calculating)
  • Question 7c: Topic 4.2 – Net Ionic Equations (Remove only spectator ions when writing the net ionic equation)
  • Question 7d: Topic 4.7 – Stoichiometric Relationships and Percent Yield (Use actual yield divided by theoretical yield × 100%)